Showing posts with label u5b1b1. Show all posts
Showing posts with label u5b1b1. Show all posts

Wednesday, May 08, 2013

Geno 2.0 - My Ancestral U5b1b1 Motherline Regional Heatmap

This map in my Geno 2.0 results from National Geographic's Genographic Project shows where my U5b1b1 ancestral genetic motherline mtDNA haplogroup is found in high concentration. My motherline mtDNA haplogroup is found in highest concentration in the lands of the Saami of Northern Artic Europe. Geno 2.0 doesn't analyze mtDNA in as detailed a fashion as does Family Tree DNA (through whom I had my mtDNA fully sequenced) - my more detailed ancestral genetic motherline is actually U5b1b1-T16192C! - the genetic "Saami signature."

My Saami mtDNA Hg is concentrated in Northern Artic Europe.

Monday, February 18, 2013

The Sagas in My Motherline

Two Saturdays past, I came upon the discovery of my spiritual connection (through my own preincarnate Cosmic Memory) to Frigg, the Queen of Asgard, through her name Saga (embodying the Power of Memory). At the time of that discovery, I created some new candles in her honor (one of which can be seen here).

Today, researching my ancestral genetic motherline, I came upon another connection to Saga ~

This map shows possible prehistoric entry routes of my maternal lineage (U5b1b-U5b1b1 in this image) into Fennoscandia. [source - The Peopling of Europe from the Mitochondrial Haplogroup U5 Perspective]

The paper Migration Waves to the Baltic Sea Region discusses mtDNA migrations from the Baltic Sea Region and states:
U5b and U5b1b1 were common in Karelia and especially among the Viena Karelians where U5b1b1 reached a high frequency 16.1%.

Here is a map showing where Karelia is located (for consistency and perspective against previous map):


Looking up Viena Karelia (where my maternal lineage reached high frequency), I found this interesting tidbit:

The birth site of the world renowned classic, the Kalevala, lies in the Viena Karelian villages, an area still surrounded by primeval forest. The Finnish national epic owes its existence to the folklore collected from the region´s unlettered peasants.

I think it's cool that my maternal lineage is directly connected to the preservation of a national folkloric epic "saga" and my spiritual connection to the Queen of Asgard is through her name Saga. Importantly, this thread of connection winding down to me around the scientific genetic evidence suggests to me that the transmission and actualization of my preincarnate memory is intimately connected to my ancestral genetic motherline.

Related - Urðarbrunnr

Tuesday, October 02, 2012

Swedish Saami Haplogroup V Also Among My Family

In earlier posts (for example, Saami Major Lineage One Mitochondrial Cluster) I've discussed that my mtDNA ancestral genetic motherline haplogroup U5b1b1 is the foundational lineage (within U5/U5b) of Scandinavian Saami (alternatively, Sami) major motherline 1.

U5b is the dominant mtDNA haplogroup among the Saami, while mtDNA haplgroup V (another rare European haplogroup) comprises Saami major motherline 2. On the population genetics of the Saami, it is known:

Classification of the Sami mtDNA lineages revealed that the majority are clustered in a subset of the European mtDNA pool. The two haplogroups V and U5b dominate, between them accounting for about 89% of the total. This gives the Sami regions the highest level of Haplogroups V and U5b thus far found. Haplogroups H, D5 and Z represent most of the remaining averaged total. Overall 98% of the Sami mtDNA pool is encompassed within haplogroups V, U5b, H, Z, and D5.

Although a small proportion of the Haplogroup U (mtDNA) among the Sami falls into U4, the great majority is U5b. The percentage of total Sami mtDNA samples tested by Tambets and her colleagues which were U5b ranged from 56.8% in Norwegian Sami to 26.5% in Swedish Sami. Sami U5b falls into subclade U5b1b1. Haplogroup V is by far the most frequent haplogroup in the Swedish Sami and is present at significantly lower frequencies in Norwegian and Finnish subpopulations.

While my own ancestral genetic motherline is U5b1b1 (placing the origins of my ancestral maternal lineage among the Saami), mtDNA haplogroup V (another Saami maternal lineage) is also found among my family members on my maternal side - through my relative Benjamin Franklin who belongs to mtDNA haplogroup V.

I am the 6th great grandniece of American founding father and statesman Benjamin Franklin through my mother's father's mother's line. This is the line of my relationship to Benjamin Franklin:

Cheryl Collins (my mother)
Sydney Oscar Collins (my mother's father, my grandfather)
Agnes Yoda Franklin (Sydney's mother, my great grandmother through Sydney)
Johnathan Freeland Franklin (Agnes' father, my great great grandfather)
Charles D. Franklin (Johnathan's father, my gggreat grandfr)
David Franklin (Charles' father, my ggggreat grandfather)
Jonathan Franklin (David's father, my gggggreat grandfr)
John Franklin (Jonathan's father, my ggggggreat grandfr)
Josiah Franklin1 (John's father [Benjamin Franklin's brother], my gggggggreat grandfr)
Thomas Franklin (Josiah's father, my ggggggggreat grandfr)2
Henry Franklin (Thomas' father, my gggggggggreat grandfr)3

Benjamin and John Franklin were brothers, both sons of Josiah. My maternal line relationship to Benjamin Franklin comes down through Benjamin's brother John. My sixth greatfather was the brother of Benjamin Franklin.

Now, even though males do not pass on their mtDNA to their children, I think it's interesting that the maternal lineages in my maternal family line that I've discovered so far all carry Saami-linked mtDNA. Moreover, my own autosomal deep ancestral root has been localized to Sweden where

haplogroup V is by far the most frequent haplogroup in the Swedish Sami.

Taken together, the presence of both U5b1b1 and V in members of my family from my mother's side, coupled with the fact that my deep autosomal ancestry (from both parents) localizes to Sweden, makes it even clearer that my "clan" comes from Scandinavia generally, and Sweden more specifically.

Footnotes:

1 B 23 Dec 1657, M 25 Nov 1689, D 16 Jan 1744/1745
Born: in Ecton, Hamps, England
Spouse: Abiah Foulger in Boston, Suffolk, Mass.
Children (2):
John Franklin, B 7 Dec 1690, Boston, Mass; D 30 Jan 1756, Boston, Mass
Benjamin Franklin, B 6 Jan 1706/1706, Boston, Mass

2 B 8 Oct 1598 D 24 Mar 1681/1682; Ecton, Northhamptonshire, England (B); Banbury, Oxford, England (D)

3 B 23 May 1573 D 23 Oct 1631; Ecton, Northhamptonshire, England (B & D)

Monday, July 30, 2012

Loridi - Thor - My Wyrd Name is Lori

My hand forged Thor's hammer w/ oath ring (to hallow my Troth-claiming blot).

 Wow and wyrd!

Thor is an even older deity than Odin who came to Europe around the first century BCE. The worship of Thor is so archaic that he became a part of the Saami people's religion of northern Scandinavia, in Baltic Estonia and Latvian Livland. Thor was still worshipped among the Saami people during the 17th century ...
... (his name) was Loridi (my real name is Lori), who resembled his (her) father ... his son, his son (and more) ... his son was he is named Voden (Odin). 

Loridi means "the loud rider" and/or "the loud weather god" and is another name for Thor. My ancestral genetic motherline is U5b1b1, the foundational haplogroup of Saami motherline one. Perhaps I am a soul daughter of Thor as well.

Just how WYRD can a person's path get? What more amazing discoveries await me as I walk this path of my ancestors? I've only just begun ...

Monday, July 23, 2012

U5b1b1-T16192C!

My motherline haplogroup is actually, at this point in time, U5b1b1-T16192C! (alternatively written U5b1b1(T16192C)) not just plain U5b1b1. I have a back mutation at 16192 (as opposed to the straight mutation at 16192 which is present in U5b1b1). This back mutation is also present in further defined U5b1b1a, U5b1b1d and U5b1b1f, so I am at least 'one step beyond' plain U5b1b1 - the back mutation at 16192 plus the extra mutations I have mean that I will at some point in the future, have my haplogroup further defined (with a letter probably) as are haplogroups U5b1b1a,d and f.

Here are the results which explain it in detail [source]

Markers found (shown as differences to rCRS):

HVR2: 73G 150T 263G (315.1C)
CR: 750G 1438G 2706G 3197C 4769G 5656G 7028T 7385G 7768G 8860G 9477A 10927C 11467G 11719A 12308G 12366G 12372A 12618A 13617C 13911G 14182C 14766T 15326G
HVR1: 16093C 16189C 16270T

Best mtDNA Haplogroup Matches:

1) U5b1b1(T16192C)
Defining Markers for haplogroup U5b1b1(T16192C):
HVR2: 73G 150T 263G
CR: 750G 1438G 2706G 3197C 4769G 5656G 7028T 7385G 7768G 8860G 9477A 10927C 11467G 11719A 12308G 12372A 12618A 13617C 14182C 14766T 15326G
HVR1: 16189C 16270T

Marker path from rCRS to haplogroup U5b1b1(T16192C) (plus extra markers):
H2a2a1(rCRS) 263G ⇨ H2a2a 8860G 15326G ⇨ H2a2 750G ⇨ H2a 4769G ⇨ H2 1438G ⇨ H 2706G 7028T ⇨ HV 14766T ⇨ R0 73G 11719A ⇨ R 11467G 12308G 12372A ⇨ U 3197C 9477A 13617C 16192T 16270T ⇨ U5 150T 7768G 14182C ⇨ U5b 5656G ⇨ U5b1 16189C ⇨ U5b1(T16189C) 12618A ⇨ U5b1b 7385G 10927C ⇨ U5b1b1 16192C ⇨ U5b1b1(T16192C) (315.1C) 12366G 13911G 16093C

Good Match! Your results also had extra markers for this haplogroup:
Matches(27): 73G 150T 263G 750G 1438G 2706G 3197C 4769G 5656G 7028T 7385G 7768G 8860G 9477A 10927C 11467G 11719A 12308G 12372A 12618A 13617C 14182C 14766T 15326G 16189C 16192C 16270T
Extras(3): (315.1C) 12366G 13911G 16093C

2) U5b1b1a
Defining Markers for haplogroup U5b1b1a:
HVR2: 73G 150T 263G
CR: 750G 1438G 2706G 3197C 4769G 5656G 7028T 7385G 7768G 8860G 9477A 10927C 11467G 11719A 12308G 12372A 12618A 13617C 14182C 14766T 15326G
HVR1: 16144C 16189C 16270T

Marker path from rCRS to haplogroup U5b1b1a (plus extra markers):
H2a2a1(rCRS) 263G ⇨ H2a2a 8860G 15326G ⇨ H2a2 750G ⇨ H2a 4769G ⇨ H2 1438G ⇨ H 2706G 7028T ⇨ HV 14766T ⇨ R0 73G 11719A ⇨ R 11467G 12308G 12372A ⇨ U 3197C 9477A 13617C 16192T 16270T ⇨ U5 150T 7768G 14182C ⇨ U5b 5656G ⇨ U5b1 16189C ⇨ U5b1(T16189C) 12618A ⇨ U5b1b 7385G 10927C ⇨ U5b1b1 16192C ⇨ U5b1b1(T16192C) 16144C ⇨ U5b1b1a (315.1C) 12366G 13911G 16093C

Imperfect Match. Your results contained differences with this haplogroup:
Matches(27): 73G 150T 263G 750G 1438G 2706G 3197C 4769G 5656G 7028T 7385G 7768G 8860G 9477A 10927C 11467G 11719A 12308G 12372A 12618A 13617C 14182C 14766T 15326G 16189C 16192C 16270T
Mismatches(1): 16144T
Extras(3): (315.1C) 12366G 13911G 16093C

2) U5b1b1f
Defining Markers for haplogroup U5b1b1f:
HVR2: 73G 150T 263G
CR: 750G 1047G 1438G 2706G 3197C 4769G 5656G 7028T 7385G 7768G 8860G 9477A 10927C 11467G 11719A 12308G 12372A 12618A 13617C 14182C 14766T 15326G
HVR1: 16189C 16270T

Marker path from rCRS to haplogroup U5b1b1f (plus extra markers):
H2a2a1(rCRS) 263G ⇨ H2a2a 8860G 15326G ⇨ H2a2 750G ⇨ H2a 4769G ⇨ H2 1438G ⇨ H 2706G 7028T ⇨ HV 14766T ⇨ R0 73G 11719A ⇨ R 11467G 12308G 12372A ⇨ U 3197C 9477A 13617C 16192T 16270T ⇨ U5 150T 7768G 14182C ⇨ U5b 5656G ⇨ U5b1 16189C ⇨ U5b1(T16189C) 12618A ⇨ U5b1b 7385G 10927C ⇨ U5b1b1 16192C ⇨ U5b1b1(T16192C) 1047G ⇨ U5b1b1f (315.1C) 12366G 13911G 16093C

Imperfect Match. Your results contained differences with this haplogroup:
Matches(27): 73G 150T 263G 750G 1438G 2706G 3197C 4769G 5656G 7028T 7385G 7768G 8860G 9477A 10927C 11467G 11719A 12308G 12372A 12618A 13617C 14182C 14766T 15326G 16189C 16192C 16270T
Mismatches(1): 1047A
Extras(3): (315.1C) 12366G 13911G 16093C

2) U5b1b1d
Defining Markers for haplogroup U5b1b1d:
HVR2: 73G 150T 263G
CR: 750G 1438G 2706G 3197C 4769G 5656G 7028T 7385G 7768G 8860G 9477A 10927C 11467G 11719A 12308G 12372A 12618A 13617C 14182C 14766T 15326G 15884A
HVR1: 16189C 16270T

Marker path from rCRS to haplogroup U5b1b1d (plus extra markers):
H2a2a1(rCRS) 263G ⇨ H2a2a 8860G 15326G ⇨ H2a2 750G ⇨ H2a 4769G ⇨ H2 1438G ⇨ H 2706G 7028T ⇨ HV 14766T ⇨ R0 73G 11719A ⇨ R 11467G 12308G 12372A ⇨ U 3197C 9477A 13617C 16192T 16270T ⇨ U5 150T 7768G 14182C ⇨ U5b 5656G ⇨ U5b1 16189C ⇨ U5b1(T16189C) 12618A ⇨ U5b1b 7385G 10927C ⇨ U5b1b1 16192C ⇨ U5b1b1(T16192C) 15884A ⇨ U5b1b1d (315.1C) 12366G 13911G 16093C

Imperfect Match. Your results contained differences with this haplogroup:
Matches(27): 73G 150T 263G 750G 1438G 2706G 3197C 4769G 5656G 7028T 7385G 7768G 8860G 9477A 10927C 11467G 11719A 12308G 12372A 12618A 13617C 14182C 14766T 15326G 16189C 16192C 16270T
Mismatches(1): 15884G
Extras(3): (315.1C) 12366G 13911G 16093C

3) U5b1b1
Defining Markers for haplogroup U5b1b1:
HVR2: 73G 150T 263G
CR: 750G 1438G 2706G 3197C 4769G 5656G 7028T 7385G 7768G 8860G 9477A 10927C 11467G 11719A 12308G 12372A 12618A 13617C 14182C 14766T 15326G
HVR1: 16189C 16192T 16270T

Marker path from rCRS to haplogroup U5b1b1 (plus extra markers):
H2a2a1(rCRS) 263G ⇨ H2a2a 8860G 15326G ⇨ H2a2 750G ⇨ H2a 4769G ⇨ H2 1438G ⇨ H 2706G 7028T ⇨ HV 14766T ⇨ R0 73G 11719A ⇨ R 11467G 12308G 12372A ⇨ U 3197C 9477A 13617C 16192T 16270T ⇨ U5 150T 7768G 14182C ⇨ U5b 5656G ⇨ U5b1 16189C ⇨ U5b1(T16189C) 12618A ⇨ U5b1b 7385G 10927C ⇨ U5b1b1 (315.1C) 12366G 13911G 16093C

Imperfect Match. Your results contained differences with this haplogroup:
Matches(26): 73G 150T 263G 750G 1438G 2706G 3197C 4769G 5656G 7028T 7385G 7768G 8860G 9477A 10927C 11467G 11719A 12308G 12372A 12618A 13617C 14182C 14766T 15326G 16189C 16270T
Mismatches(1): 16192C
Extras(3): (315.1C) 12366G 13911G 16093C



Thursday, July 19, 2012

Another Look at Saami Motherline 1

Here are the defining mutations of mtDNA haplogroup U5b. This haplogroup is the foundation of Saami major motherline 1. My hapolgroup U5b1b1 is a haplgroup found among both the Saami of Scandinavia (48%) and the Berbers of North Africa (2%). Some (but not all) of the Saami also carry a mutation at np 16144, which defines a daughter haplgroup of U5b1b1, namely U5b1b1a. I don't carry this extra mutation, which may have occurred around 8000-9000 YBP. I do carry extra mutations at 12366 and 13911 "which are so far unique in U5b1b1 and could eventually define a new branch in U5b1b1" [quoting FTDNA scientist] similarly to the way U5b1b1a does among the Saami today.

Tuesday, July 10, 2012

My Ancient Saami Ancestors By Whatever Name

Family Tree DNA scientist Gail Tonneson writes to me on U5b1b1: 

U5b1b1 is found throughout Europe and is ancestral to the Saami signature U5b1b1a and the Berber signature U5b1b1b. So the Saami and Berber lines are sister groups to your line with a common maternal ancestor for all U5b1b1 probably around 8,000 years ago. Another way to view this - your maternal lines defines a new branch in the U5b1b1 tree dating to about 8,000 years ago. I'd suggest trying to contact your exact match to see if your maternal ancestors are from the same country or region. It is uncertain how long ago your common maternal ancestor is with your exact match - it could be anytime between a few hundred years to a few thousand years.

(I have one exact full sequence mtDNA match in the Family Tree DNA database.) Taken together with earlier information, 48% of Saami are in U5b1b1, some of them living today are even further defined as belonging to U5b1b1a - a more derived line which is not shared by the Berbers or by anyone else in Europe (which is why it is called the Saami Signature, as it is exclusive to some of the the Saami living today). U5b1b1 is still an ancestral Saami motherline and part of major motherline 1, and not all Saami living today are U5b1b1a. The Saami living today (those of major motherline 1, at least) and I share the same ancestors, though obviously, I don't live in Scandinavia and am not Saami in that sense. My motherline has developed into it's own unique branch which has yet to be exactly defined by geneticists, and which is itself a sister line to some currently living Saami (48%) and Berbers (2%). 

Still, my motherline is part of ancestral Saami major motherline 1. My ancient ancestors are the ancient ancestors of today's Saami, whether or not these ancient ancestors were or are called Saami or something else. My meaning when I say "my Saami ancestors" is that my ancient ancestors were the indigenous population of Scandinavia and Europe, the same as many of those Saami living in Scandinavia today. I call them Saami for convenience, since I don't know what they called themselves way back then or what scientists call them today.

Key U5b1b1 Results

SIMPLY WOW! One of the scientists (Gail Tonneson) at Family Tree DNA just personally confirmed to me that I am in U5b1b1, writing:

The key results are in the coding region, 12366G and 13911G which are so far unique in U5b1b1 and could eventually define a new branch in U5b1b1.

Is that not SO COOL or what!!!

Confirmed U5b1b1 mtDNA Haplogroup

My (FS) Full Sequence mtDNA results are back!!! I'm so excited! I'm confirmed to be in haplogroup U5b1b (and more specifically, in U5b1b1) - the Saami haplogroup also found in 2% of the North African Berbers. U5b1b is found in 48% of Saami and forms the foundation of Saami major motherline 1. My differences from the CRS are:

HVR-1:
16093C
16189C
16270T

HVR-2:
73G
150T
263G
315.1C

Coding Region:
750G
1438G
2706G
3197C
4769G
5656G
7028T
7385G
7768G
8860G
9477A
10927C
11467G
11719A
12308G
12366G
12372A
12618A
13617C
13911G - unique to U5b1b1
14182C
14766T
15326G


When I uploaded my raw data to the mtDNA Community tool at Family Tree DNA, it also reveals that I have a back-mutation at T16192C!. The two mutations I have which place me definitely into U5b1b1 are: A7385G, T10927C.

My prediction was right on target!

UPDATE - Key U5b1b1 Results 

Tuesday, June 12, 2012

Saami Major Lineage One Mitochondrial Cluster


There are two major (lineage 1 and 2) and two minor (lineage 3 and 4) maternal lineage clusters found among the Saami from Northern Norway. This figure from the scientific paper Saami Mitochondrial DNA Reveals Deep Maternal Lineage Clusters demonstrates that my maternal line clearly is part of Saami lineage 1. My own mutations are highlighted (purple shaded numbers). The mutation at 16144 distinguishes Saami haplogroup subclade U5b1b1a (with the mutation) from Saami haplogroup subclade U5b1b1 (without the mutation).

Figure legend:  "Skeleton network constructed from Saami mtDNA haplotypes using our own data and data from Lahermo et al. [18], Dupuy and Olaisen et al. [17] and Richards et al. [21]. The size of the circles is proportional to the frequency of a given haplotype. Black circles mark lineage 1, gray circles mark lineage 2, horizontally striped circles mark lineage 3 and vertically striped circles mark lineage 4. The sequence of branching substitutions could not always be established, in particular in rare lineages without known intermediate haplotypes and are marked with a dot. Positions with possible parallel substitutions, e.g. 16233, are underlined. The hypervariable position 16189 is in italics."

Monday, June 11, 2012

U5b1b Vs. U5b1b1

In follow-up to my earlier post, using a chart at Family Tree DNA and comparing them again my own known HVR-1 and HVR-2 mtDNA genetic markers (namely 16093.C, 16189.C, 16270.T, 73.G, 150.T, 263.G, 315.1C), and still waiting for my Control Region markers as determined by Full Sequence (FS) mtDNA testing, I can easily predict that my U5 subclade is very likely going to be U5b1b(1), a subclade shared by the Saami of Northwestern Europe and the Berbers of North Africa (an mtDNA match for me through Roots For Real). I don't have the HVR-1 mutation at 16144 (exclusive to the Saami and not shared by the Berbers), so I'm rather doubtful that I my FS results will place me into the further derived (Saami-specific, Berber-excluding) U5b1b1a subclade of U5.

My prediction is further supported by all the genomic links I have (both autosomal and mitochondrial DNA) to specific parts of Finland, Norway, Sweden, Russia and Asia as do the Saami, and given both the Saami and I tend to be outliers on many world population graphs, I think it's pretty clear that my Northwestern European motherline came through and from among the Saami.

A recent genetic link between Sami and the Volga-Ural region of Russia

Studies of multiple DNA markers have confirmed the overall similarity of Sami with other European populations, but some genetic markers yield results that are consistent with a genetic contribution from Asian populations, distinguishing Sami from the peoples of Southern and Western Europe.

Dare to be true to yourself.